AAL: ATM Adaptation Layer defines the rules governing segmentation and reassembly of data into cells. Different AAL types are suited to different traffic classes.
ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line is an asymmetrical data transmission technology with a high traffic rate downstream and a low traffic rate upstream. ADSL technology satisfies the bandwidth requirement of applications that demand “asymmetric” traffic; e.g., Web surfing, file downloading and video-on-demand.
ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode is a 2 protocol supporting high-speed asynchronous data with advanced traffic management and quality-of-service features.
bps: Bits per second, a standard measurement of digital transmission speeds.
Bridge: A device that connects two or more physical networks and forwards packets between them. Bridges can usually be made to filter packets; that is, to forward only certain traffic. Related devices are repeaters, which simply forward electrical signals from one cable to another, and full-fledged routers that make routing decisions based on several criteria.
CPE: Customer Premises Equipment, such as an router or USB modem.
Default Gateway (Router): Every non-router IP device needs to configure a default gateway’s IP address. When the device sends out an IP packet, if the destination is not on the same network, the device has to send the packet to its default gateway, which will then send it out toward the destination.
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol automatically gives every computer on your home network an IP address.
DNS Server IP Address: The Ddomain Nname Ssystem (DNSdns) allows Internet servers to have a domain name (e.g., www.Bbroadbandrouter.com) and one or more IP addresses (e.g., 192.34.45.8). DNS server keeps a database of Internet servers and their respective domain names and IP addresses so that when a domain name is requested (as in typing “com” into an Internet browser) the user is sent to the proper IP address. The server IP address used by the computers on a home network is the location of the server the ISsP has assigned.
DSL: (DSL) technology provides high-speed access over twisted- pair cable for connection to the Internet and LAN interfaces, and to broadband services such as video-on-demand, distance learning and video conferencing.
Ethernet: standard for computer networks, networks are connected by special cables and hubs or switches, and move data around at up to 10/100 Mbps.
FTP: File Transfer Protocol is the Internet protocol (and program) used to transfer files between hosts.
Idle Timeout: After there is no traffic to the Internet for a pre-configured amount of time, Idle Timeout automatically disconnects from it.
ISP: The Internet Service Provider is a business that provides connectivity to the Internet for individuals, businesses and organizations.
ISP Gateway Address: This is an IP address for the Internet router located at the ISP’s office.
LAN: A Local Area Network is a group of computers and devices connected in a relatively small area (e.g., a house or office). home network is considered a LAN.
MAC Address: Media Access Control (MAC) address is the hardware address of a device connected to a network. It’s a unique identifier for a device with an Ethernet interface. It is composed of two parts: 3 bytes of data that correspond to the manufacturer ID (unique for each manufacturer), plus 3 bytes that are often used as the product’s serial number.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit.
NAT: Address Translator, as defined by RFC 1631 (see RFC below), enables a LAN network to use one set of IP addresses for internal traffic. NAT box, located where the meets the Internet, provides the necessary IP address translation. This helps provide a sort of firewall and allows for a wider address range to be used internally without danger of conflict. Using the router’s capability, the Internet can be accessed from any computer on a home network without having to purchase more IP addresses from the ISP.
Port: clients (PC) use port numbers to distinguish one network application/protocol from another. Common examples:
PPP: Point-to-Point-Protocol is the successor to SLIP. It provides router-to-router and host-to-network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits.
PPPoA (RFC 2364): The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) provides a standard method for transporting multi-protocol data grams over point-to-point links. This document describes the use of ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) for framing PPP-encapsulated packets.
PPPoE (RFC 2516): This document describes how to build PPP sessions and encapsulate PPP packets over the Ethernet. PPP over (PPPoE) provides the ability to connect a network of hosts over a simple bridging access device to a remote access concentrator.
Protocol: protocol is a set of rules for interaction agreed upon between multiple parties so that when they interface with each other based on such a GLOSSARY Application Protocol Port
protocol, the interpretation of their behavior is well-defined and can be made objectively, without confusion or misunderstanding.
PVC: A Permanent Virtual Circuit is a connection-oriented, permanent leased-line circuit between end stations on a network over a separate ATM circuit.
RFC: Request for Comments is a document series, begun in 1969, that describes the Internet suite of protocols and related experiments. Not all RFCs describe Internet standards, but all Internet standards are initially written up as RFCs.
RFC 1483: This refers to multi-protocol encapsulation over AAL-5. There are two encapsulation methods for carrying network interconnect traffic over AAL5:
1) LLC Encapsulation allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit. The protocol of a carried PDU is identified by prefixing the PDU by an IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC) header;
2) VC Based Multiplexing does higher-layer protocol multiplexing implicitly by virtual circuits (VCs).
Router: This is a device responsible for making decisions about which of several paths network (or Internet) traffic will follow. To do this, it uses a routing protocol to gain information about the network and algorithms to choose the best route based on several criteria known as “routing metrics.”
Subnet Mask: subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information provided by your ISP, is a set of four numbers (e.g., 255.255.255.0) configured like an IP address. It is used to create IP address numbers used only within a particular network (as opposed to valid IP address numbers recognized by the Internet, which must be assigned by InterNIC).
TCP/IP,UDP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is the standard protocol for data transmission over the Internet. Both TCP and UDP (Unreliable Datagram Protocol) are transport-layer protocols. TCP performs proper error detection and error recovery, and thus is reliable. UDP, on the other hand, is not reliable. They both run on top of the IP (Internet Protocol), a network-layer protocol.
TELNET: This is the virtual terminal protocol in the Internet suite of protocols. It allows users of one host to log into a remote host and act as normal terminal users of that host.
VCI: Virtual Circuit Identifier is part of the cell header. VCI is a tag indicating the channel over which a cell will travel. The VCI of a cell can be changed as it moves between switches via signaling.
VPI: Virtual Path Identifier is part of the cell header. VPI is a pipe for a number of virtual circuits.
WAN: Wide Area Network connects computers located in separate areas (e.g., different buildings, cities, countries). The Internet is a wide area network.Web-Based Management
Graphical User Interface (GUI): Many devices support a graphical user interface that is based on the Web browser. This means the user can use the familiar Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer to control/configure or monitor the device being managed.
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